Rapport mondial sur les drogues 2024 : Une tentative échouée de réinterpréter le droit à la santé des personnes usagères des drogues

L’évaluation de l’IDPC du chapitre sur le droit à la santé révèle que l’ONUDC privilégie ses propres intérêts politiques au détriment des impacts négatifs de la « guerre à la drogue » et des recommandations connexes des experts onusiens. Pour en savoir plus, en anglais, veuillez lire les informations ci-dessous.

In 2024, the World Drug Report broke its historical silence on the human rights dimension of drug policy with a special chapter on “Drug Use and the Right to Health.” The present analysis compares this chapter with the April 2024 report on “Drug Use, Harm Reduction, and the Right to Health” by the UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Health, Dr. Tlaleng Mofokeng, to assess whether the 2024 edition of the World Drug Report constitutes a genuine move towards integrating a human rights perspective into the global drug control regime.

The answer is negative. The World Drug Report chapter suffers from a critical and unjustifiable methodological flaw: it has been developed without any reference to the standards and recommendations on drugs and the right to health developed over the last 15 years by UN human rights mechanisms. These standards were created precisely to provide Member States with guidance on their human rights obligations. Instead, the chapter is often guided by the UNODC’s own policy preferences and its desire to manage political tensions at the UN Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND).

The result is a flawed rendering of the right to health that omits essential elements such as a robust interpretation of harm reduction and support for the decriminalisation of people who use drugs. It also glosses over the undeniable tension between the drug control regime and the right to health, and introduces problematic concepts such as “the right to health of communities affected by drug use.” This notion is not grounded in human rights standards and risks decentring people who use drugs.

Although the special chapter pitches itself as the basis for a new framework to evaluate States’ performance with regards to the right to health, Member States should withhold support for this flawed initiative until it fully integrates the guidance developed by the UN human rights system.

Previous reports in this series:

• Analysis of the World Drug Report 2023: The promise and peril of going green
• IDPC analysis of the UNODC World Drug Report 2022
• The World Drug Report 2021: A critical assessment of projected increases in African drug use
• The World Drug Report 2020: Perspectives on markets, technology, and policy
• The World Drug Report 2019: Perspectives on protecting public health
• IDPC response to the 2018 World Drug Report
• IDPC response to the 2017 World Drug Report
• IDPC response to the 2016 World Drug Report
• IDPC response to the 2015 World Drug Report
• IDPC response to the 2014 World Drug Report
• IDPC response to the 2013 World Drug Report
• IDPC response to the 2012 World Drug Report
• IDPC response to the 2011 World Drug Report
• IDPC response to the 2010 World Drug Report
• IDPC response to the 2009 World Drug Report
• IDPC response to the 2008 World Drug Report
• IDPC response to the 2007 World Drug Report
• IDPC response to the 2006 World Drug Report