Harm reduction landscape and drug laws in Nigeria

This briefing paper provides an overview of the harm reduction response in Nigeria in relation to the drug law and policy landscape. The aim is to support stakeholders—including civil society organisations, advocates, and policymakers—in identifying opportunities to improve the health and rights of people who use drugs.

The paper highlights major gaps in the legal and policy environment that restrict access to harm reduction services in Nigeria, such as needle and syringe programmes (NSPs) and opioid substitution therapy (OST), despite their recognition in national guidelines. It also outlines the roles of key institutions and actors in shaping the national response to drug use and harm reduction, and provides recommendations for ensuring a more enabling environment.