Irvine et al. found that take‐home naloxone kits, supervised consumption sites and opioid agonist therapy have been effective in averting overdose deaths in British Columbia.

Illicit use of injected drugs is linked with high rates of HIV infection and fatal overdose, as well as community concerns about public drug use. Supervised injecting facilities have been proposed as a potential solution, but fears have been raised that they might encourage drug use.